Safety

No Safety Parameters noted

NOTE: Machine and Transducers are FRAGILE

Device and Sample Set-Up

Attach LCM-74-4 transmitting wire and turn on the Olympus 38DL PLUS.
Attach appropriate transducer for wave type being measured.
Programs for these experiments were pre-set into the Olympus 38DL PLUS and can be recalled by pressing the “XRDR - RECALL”. The arrow keys may be used to select the proper program.
- Longitudinal wave velocity program: M112
- Transverse wave velocity program: Shear- Lift
  - When in doubt, the name of the program you should be using may match a program that shares the name of the transducer being used.
Prep samples by recording thickness measurements at least three marked locations on each sample. These will be the areas that are tested.
Apply a small amount of the appropriate couplant at each test site.

Select the red “MEAS” button to return to the main data screen.
Prior to each measurement enter in the measured thickness. Select “2ND-F” and “XRDR-RECALL”. The value can be changed with the up and down arrows. To exit the window press “ENTER” or “MEAS”.
Wave velocity readings are taken at test sites by firmly holding transducer in the couplant at marked testing areas.
- DO NOT DRAG THE TRANSDUCER ALONG THE SAMPLE
Once the reading displayed on the Olympus 38DL PLUS stabilizes, record the shown value in μm/s.
Wipe samples and transducers clean with tissues and ethanol in between the use of different couplants and transducers.
Modulus Calculations can be performed using the following equations...

G=ρv_s²

v=(2-(v_l/v_s)²)/(2*(1-(v_l/v_s)²

E=2(1+v)G

Where G=Shear Modulus of the Material, v_s represents the velocity of the wave in shear, ρ is the density of the material,v_l is the velocity of the longitudinal wave, and v is Poisson's ratio